Causes of PCOS

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormone condition in women of reproductive age. Its exact cause is not known. Several factors seem to work together.

Main contributors

• Insulin resistance: the body does not respond well to insulin, so levels rise. High insulin pushes the ovaries to make more male-type hormones (androgens). Many women with PCOS have insulin resistance, even at a normal weight.
• Raised androgens: these interfere with ovulation and cause acne, extra hair growth and scalp hair thinning
• Genes and family history: PCOS runs in families, and a mother or sister with PCOS raises the chance
• Low-grade inflammation: common in PCOS and linked with higher androgens
• Excess weight: does not cause PCOS on its own but worsens insulin resistance and symptoms
• Hormone signals from the brain: a higher ratio of LH to FSH disturbs follicle growth
• Early-life factors: exposures before birth may play a role, according to some studies

What does not cause PCOS

It is not caused by eating specific foods, stress alone, a past abortion, or contraceptive pills. It is not caused by anything you did wrong.

Ayurvedic view

Ayurveda links irregular periods and ovarian cysts with Kapha and Vata imbalance, Medo dhatu excess and Artava dushti, often with heavy diet and inactivity. This is an interpretive framework and not a proven mechanism.