How to treat or cure smallpox

Smallpox is eradicated, so no one is treated for it today. This page explains how it would be managed if a case were ever confirmed, and how past patients were cared for.

Historical care Before vaccination, treatment was supportive only: rest, fluids, nursing care and treatment of complications. Many patients still died.

How a modern case would be handled

• Immediate isolation in a hospital with strict infection control, and notification of public health authorities.
• Laboratory confirmation in designated laboratories.
• Vaccination of close contacts, ideally within 3 to 4 days of exposure.
• Supportive care: fluids, nutrition, pain relief and fever control.
• Antibiotics for secondary bacterial infection.
• Antiviral drugs such as tecovirimat, which exist for use under official guidance, since they are stockpiled for emergencies.

Can it be cured at home? No. Any suspected case must be reported and handled by health authorities, not managed at home with herbs or remedies.

Care of scars Survivors' scars and eye damage may need dermatology or eye care later.

Ayurvedic view (interpretive) Classical therapies for Masurika are part of the historical record. They do not treat variola and should not delay medical care for any serious rash illness.

Safety Avoid unproven products and online "cures". If a person has a fever with a spreading blistering rash, see a doctor the same day. For breathing difficulty, bleeding or confusion, call 112.

Remember No natural smallpox exists today. Any suspected case is a medical and public health emergency, treated with vaccine, antivirals and supportive care.